Don’t look quite matchy to me, (the Rapunzel one seems to have gold studs too, and the lines look wider spaced), so I don’t think we can say for sure that the Rapunzel stuff is in the missing year, (can’t rule it out either). I haven’t gone looking up screencaps of all of Charming’s flashbacks to see if the Rapunzel scene costume matches anything that might help us place it on the t-word.
It looks like the 3×12 outfit but after having been worn for a long time.
But the one thing I don’t think it looks like is any of Charming’s outfits pre-Regina’s Original Curse
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"He was a lot of things to me" "The only conclusion was love"